Top and Base Fertilization - Generic
Objective
This guide aims to show the workflow that must be followed to obtain a deliverable for top-dressing or base fertilization (regardless of the crop). Both the process for satellite in Layers and for drone are explained.
TOP DRESSING FERTILIZATION
NOTE: The fertilizer dosing performed, both by satellite and by drone, differs depending on whether foliar samples are available or not.
In the event that leaf samples are not available, the recommendation will be an efficient dosage (based on the levels of macronutrients in leaves) of the indicated resources.
In the case of having foliar analyses, an adjustment will be made based on the obtained results and, additionally, based on this adjustment, an efficient dosage of resources will be planned, also according to the levels of main macronutrients detected in the leaf.
1. SATÉLITE
**1.1.Without
To complete the deliverable for top-dressing fertilization using satellite imagery as a base layer and without foliar samples to adjust dosage, follow these steps:
Find the plot of interest in Layers
Figura 1. Seleccionar entregable de cobertera
Figura 2. Parámetros de coberteraSelect the date closest to the present that does not contain clouds (3). Enter the kg of the product (1) to be applied (in kg/ha) and its concentration (Figure 2) (2).
Select the class (4) for which we define the kg/ha we want to apply. By default, medium class is defined. If we select minimum class, the input amount will be considered the minimum contribution we want to make (blue class). If, on the contrary, we select maximum class, it will be considered that the indicated contribution corresponds to the maximum that we want to apply in the field. We consider upper class (blue) and lower class (red). In these cases where we do not select the contribution as medium class, the dosage is corrected as follows:
We select middle class–>
Upper class: +20%
Middle class: the contribution we indicated
Lower class: -20%
We select lower class–>
Upper class: +20%
Middle class: +10%
Lower class: the contribution we indicated
We select upper class–>
Upper class: the contribution we indicate
Middle class: -10%
Lower class: -20%
The main macronutrient refers to the macronutrient that will be used as a reference. In other words, the dosage will be adjusted according to the need for the chosen macronutrient (5).
The resolution parameter (6) refers to the pixel size of the resulting Shp. Through resolution, it can be adjusted to various types of machines (not all accept dosages with surfaces smaller than X m for each class).
Once we have all the parameters defined, deliverable (7) is requested in PDF format or Shp format (if we want/can input it into our tractor for variable fertilization).
Figura 3. Entregable formato PDF
In the PDF deliverable, we can see, in the main map window, the areas with different yields and, related to this map, the pie chart showing the percentage of area found per class.
We can also see the satellite date that has been chosen to make this recommendation and the units in UF that apply to each class (yield area).
Indicates the average dose of the plot, which corresponds to the mean dosage considering the percentage of area for each class.
Savings are calculated based on Hemav’s weighted average and the dosage entered by the client.
Figura 4. Entregable formato Shp.
For the deliverable in SHP format, we can see that in the example (calculated indicating a medium class dosage) the dosage entered was 250 kg/ha and that, for areas with high yield, a -20% adjustment was made on the average dosage (blue zones). In this case it doesn’t appear, but if we had low class areas (red), the adjustment would be +20% over the entered dosage (300 kg/ha).
In the SHP we find the DOS column, which refers to the dosage entered by the customer once the adjustment has been applied to each class (and depending on whether medium, high or low class has been chosen).
The coordinate system used in this resulting SHP is GCS_WGS_1984 EPSG:4326, international standard.
1.2. With samples
For the preparation of the deliverable for top dressing fertilization using satellite imagery as base layer and foliar samples to adjust dosage, follow these steps:
Locate the plot of interest in Layers
Select the date closest to the sampling that does not contain clouds (not more than 20 days away from the foliar sampling date [before or after]). The amount of product to be applied (in kg/ha) and its concentration must be entered. Note that in order to correct the dosage with the foliar samples, the laboratory results must have been previously entered through Hemav’s gauging APP.
Note: This service is only available for SOYBEAN and SUGARCANE crops.
2. DRON o AVIONETA
Para solicitar este entregable se debe marcar ‘recomendación abono’ en MOM y, por el momento, indicar al KAM de referencia que se han introducido los aforos foliares en la APP de aforo de modo que pueda ser notificado al departamento de procesado ya que, por el momento, la corrección de dosificación con muestras no es automática.
Figura 5. Detalle de introducción información en MOM.
**2.1.Without
If you want a top-dressing delivery with the drone flight data as the base layer, but we don’t have samples, what will be performed is a dosage calculation.
The customer must enter in MOM (Figure 5) the dosage they plan to apply (same as in Layers). With this information, the amount of fertilizer to be applied in the field is adjusted considering the classes found in each zone:
For the orange class, an adjustment of +5% is made on the average dosage and for the red class, +10%.
For the light blue class, the dosage is adjusted by -5% and for the dark blue class by -10% from the average dosage entered by the client.
2.2. With samples (soybean and sugarcane)
If a fertilizer prescription map is desired, using the data provided by the drone flight as the base layer, and we have foliar sampling data, an adjustment will be made to the dosage that the client indicates in MOM.
To request this deliverable, it is necessary to have entered, through the AFOROS APP, the results provided by the laboratory. Note that a minimum of one sample per class (5 samples) is needed for each plot.
3. Correcciones según clase
The correction applied to the dosage entered by the client is made depending on which class each zone falls into. Zones that show, for example, excessive content of a macronutrient will have a correction applied to reduce the amount of fertilizer to be applied. The objective of these coverings is to homogenize the entire plot and save on fertilizer. Therefore, for the orange class, an adjustment of +5% is made on the average dosage and for the red class, +10%. For the light blue class, the dosage is adjusted by -5% and for the dark blue class by -10% from the average dosage entered by the client.
BACKGROUND PAYMENT
NOTE: Fertilizer dosing varies depending on whether soil samples are available or not.
In the event that soil samples are not available, the recommendation given will be an efficient dosage (based on macronutrient levels in leaves) of the indicated resources.
In case soil analysis is available, an adjustment will be made based on the obtained results, and, furthermore, based on this adjustment, an efficient dosage of resources will be planned according to the levels of main macronutrients detected in the leaf.
4. SATÉLITE
4.1. No samples
For the creation of the fertilizer application deliverable with satellite imagery as a base layer and without soil samples for dosage adjustment, the following steps must be followed:
Find the plot of interest in Layers
Figura 6. Seleccionar entregable de fondo.
Figura 7. Parámetros de coberteraSelect the date (from the previous campaign) at the moment of maximum crop vigor and without clouds (3). The amount of product to be applied (in kg/ha) and its concentration must be entered (1 and 2). Figure 7.
Select the class for which we define the kg/ha we want to apply (4). By default, medium class is defined. If we select minimum class, the input amount will be considered the minimum contribution we want to make. If, on the contrary, we select maximum class, it will be considered that the indicated contribution corresponds to the maximum that we want to apply in the field. In these cases where we do not select the contribution as medium class, the dosage is corrected as follows:
We select middle class –>
Upper class: +20%
Middle class: the contribution we indicated
Lower class: -20%
We select lower class –>
Upper class: +20%
Middle class: +10%
Lower class: the contribution we indicated
We select upper class –>
Upper class: the contribution we indicate
Middle class: -10%
Lower class: -20%
The main macronutrient refers to the macronutrient that will be used as a reference. In other words, the dosage will be adjusted according to the need for the chosen macronutrient (5).
The resolution parameter refers to the pixel size of the resulting Shp. Through the resolution, it can be adjusted to various types of machines (not all of them accept dosages with surfaces smaller than X m for each class) (6).
Once we have all the parameters defined, the deliverable is requested in PDF format or Shp format (if we want/can input it into our tractor for variable fertilization).
Figura 8. Entregable formato PDF
In the PDF deliverable (Figure 8) we can see, in the main map window, the areas with different yields and, related to this map, the pie chart showing the percentage of area we find per class.
We can also see the satellite date that has been chosen to make this recommendation and the units in UF that apply to each class (yield area).
Indicates the average dose of the plot, which corresponds to the mean dosage considering the percentage of area for each class.
Savings are calculated based on Hemav’s weighted average and the dosage entered by the client.
Figura 9. Entregable formato Shp.
For the deliverable in SHP format (Figure 9), we can see that in the example (calculated indicating a medium class dosage) the dosage entered was 300 kg/ha and that, for areas with high yield, a -20% adjustment was made to the medium dosage (blue areas). In this case it does not appear, but if we had areas in low class (red), the adjustment would be +20% over the entered dosage (360 kg/ha).
In the SHP we find the DOS column, which refers to the dosage entered by the customer once the adjustment has been applied to each class (and depending on whether medium, high or low class has been chosen).
The coordinate system used in this resulting SHP is GCS_WGS_1984 EPSG:4326, international standard.
**4.2.With
To create the deliverable for the background fertilization with the satellite as a base layer and soil samples to adjust the dosage, the following steps must be followed:
Indicate to the processing department, through reference KAM, that corrected base fertilization using soil samples is required.
Enter the desired dosage (in kg/ha) and the N, P, and K content of the product to be applied.
Note: Background dosing correction using soil samples is not automatic, so this service must be requested through the reference KAM to the processing department.
Currently, bottom fertilization by drone flight or light aircraft is not planned. This service is only available using satellite images as a base.
5. Correcciones según clase
The correction applied to the dosage entered by the client is made depending on which class each zone falls into. Zones that show, for example, excessive content of a macronutrient will have a correction applied to reduce the amount of fertilizer to be applied. The objective of these coverings is to homogenize the entire plot and save on fertilizer. Therefore, for the orange class, an adjustment of +5% is made on the average dosage and for the red class, +10%. For the light blue class, the dosage is adjusted by -5% and for the dark blue class by -10% from the average dosage entered by the client.
In Figure 8, you can see the adjustment made by classes. A medium class of 300 kg/ha with a 20-10-20 richness was indicated. Therefore, the average dosage would correspond to 60-30-60 kg/ha. For the blue class, we see that a -10% correction was made. This would result in a dosage of 48-24-48 kg/ha.
For the red class, a correction of +10% has been made. The dosage would be 72-36-72 kg/ha.
SUBSCRIBER - MULTI-PLOT
For the creation of a bulk fertilization deliverable through multi-plot selection (fixed-rate bulk fertilization), you must first select in the layers all those plots for which you want to generate the result.
Figura 10. Selección multiparcela.
Una vez elegidas las parcelas con las que se desea trabajar, se selecciona el entregable de ‘Abonado tasa fija’.
Figura 11. Selección entregable ‘abonado tasa fija’.
Figura 12. Formulario abonado tasa fija
Fields must be filled out as follows:
Intended Dosage: You must indicate the kg/ha you want to apply (1).
NPK Content (2): The N, P, and K content of the product to be applied must be indicated.
Reference date (3): The date we have selected in the viewer that shows the moment of maximum crop vigor and when there are no clouds affecting the plots.
Class: Select the class (4) for which we define the kg/ha we want to apply. By default, medium class is defined. If we select minimum class, the entered rate will be considered the minimum contribution to be made. If, on the contrary, we select maximum class, it will be considered that the indicated contribution corresponds to the maximum that we want to apply in the field.
Number of classes (5): You can specify whether the result appears with a classification in 3 classes or 5.
Correction (6): Refers to the correction (%) over the selected class and with the provided dosage. That is, if we select middle class, over the indicated dosage there will be a +20% nutrient contribution in areas showing low vigor and a 20% nutrient contribution in areas showing high vigor.
The result of this deliverable is provided in tabular format (Excel) (7):
Tabla 3. Resultado abonado tasa fija
In the table we can see the following information:
Request date: date on which the deliverable was requested.
Customer
Plot name
Crop, variety
Planting date and last harvest date
Kg: kg/ha that the client has entered in the form (Figure 12).
N, P and K content: Content indicated by the client in the form.
Class: Class in which each plot has been included. The class is determined based on the predominant vegetative vigor class of the plot. Class 1 refers to plots with low vegetative vigor and class 3 (or 5 if we choose the result in 5 classes) high vegetative vigor.
Dosification class entered: Class selected by the client in the form (Figure 12).
Adjusted Kg: Corresponds to the adjusted dosage based on the class assigned to each plot. That is, if we have a plot in class 1 (low vegetative vigor) and considering the adjustment indicated by the client (default 20%) in the form (Figure 12), 20% more is added to the indicated dosage. For example, if the client enters 300 kg/ha, the result for a plot in class 1 would be 300*1.2= 360 kg/ha. If a plot were in class 3, the opposite would occur, 20% would be subtracted from the dosage indicated by the client (considering that they have chosen middle class in point 4 of the form).
F.U. N, P, K: Refers to the FU units of the 3 main macronutrients that should be applied with the adjusted dosage.